Many youth political organizations have paraded and dangled the “youth development” card that has yielded zero returns for young people of South Africa. I remain unconvinced of the real commitment of youth organization with succinct policy frameworks and implementation strategies aimed at addressing the monotonous attitude towards a ticking time bomb. Young people are active by nature, and do not have the patience to sit idle.
The National Youth Development Agency (NYDA), which essentially, is the merger of the Umsobomvu Youth Fund and the National Youth Commission is yet to hit groundwork. There are sceptics who because of previous delivery failures and an abysmal track record, doubt very much if this body will be effective.
I am of the view that, unless progressive youth formations pay significant attention to this body, it will remain another ANC stomping ground where cronyism and nepotism will be the order of the day as has been the case up to now. This body does not belong to one entity, it is ours, and depends on tax payer’s money to run effectively.
My reason for this statement is simple: how did the government allow for the board of the NYDA to be elected before a national election? Shouldn’t the process have waited until after the general elections where, political parties would receive a fresh mandate to be the custodians and guardians of all state programmes? How justifiable is the appointment of ANC Youth League Deputy President, Andile Lungisa, to be the head of NYDA? Why was the Congress of the People (COPE) Youth Movement excluded from this process?
We believe that the process should have epitomized true democracy regardless of political affiliations for the benefit of all young South Africans. It is of concern that hot on the heels of Andile Lungisa’s appointment, President Zuma appointed the next Chief Justice without following proper constitutional procedures. Should we be concerned?
More than the challenges we face as young people, South Africa is slowly spiraling to a soon to be quagmire if we, as the youth do not take charge and ownership of our country’s destiny. Currently, the country is operating at a rapidly declining current account deficit that will continue to do so unless young people come up with innovative business plans and proposals aimed at not only sustaining themselves, but contributing largely to the income stream of our country.
From an economic point of view, we believe that Enterprise Development is the answer. History has taught us that for many years, South African trade has benefited largely to the export of commodities such as diamonds, gold, platinum and agricultural products. Although demand for these has significantly dropped somewhat (except for agriculture which has its own environmental challenges internally and globally), we continue to rely on these commodities for the stability of our currency.
If one analyses the Canadian and Japanese economic model, it gives credence to COPE’s strategy for not only investing in our youth, but it encourages a culture of entrepreneurship and self-sustainability that would inevitably pay handsome dividends to the country’s developmental goals and agenda.
Both the above countries have invested significantly to enterprise development, and their economies are largely driven by SMME’s. The reality in South Africa is that relative to existing enterprises, we are not meeting labour demand, and this is one of the main contributors to lack of employment opportunities.
The challenge here is how do we, as young people bridge the gap or fill the vacuum to meet labour demand? The answer lies in creating sustainable and viable business opportunities where employment will be created through feasible opportunities within the medium to the long-term period.
I remain unconvinced that our labour movement has the capacity or interest to pay attention to this. This then, brings me to another highly contested terrain, Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) and Affirmative Action (AA).
It is not an illusion to acknowledge that BBBEE has been a somewhat controversially implemented policy with serious unintended consequences that need to be addressed if we are serious about broad based empowerment. Amongst all the confusion that existed, COPE has been lambasted for its stance in this regard, and we will always remain humble to public scrutiny.
I was fortunate to have been the facilitator of the economic plenary session at the COPE Gauteng Provincial Summit and a scribe at the National Congress economic plenary in Bloemfontein. Our stance as COPE has been unequivocal; BBBEE and AA are good policies and we support them without any contradiction. Our bone of contention is their application and implementation which has left much to be desired to date.
Whilst we also support the seven (7) key elements of BBBEE which are ownership, control, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development and socio-economic development, the question remains: what monitoring measures and controls are there to ensure that these are adequately adhered to without short cuts?
It is important that bodies such as the Employment Equity Commission, lobby and advocacy groups such as NAFCOC and the BMF are fully recognized. We call upon the Employment Equity Commission to be made a full-time regulatory body aimed not only at putting statistics together and whistle blowing, but it is a body equipped with the power to take a tough consequential stance on ill-disciplined and anti-transformation transgressors. Although this body has done some good work, it has (up to now) merely been reduced to loud-mouths who name and shame, rightfully so, but have no powers to act decisively against those who do not take our laws and the general transformational agenda seriously.
Only the Minister of Labour is entrusted with any responsibility in this regard. Our suggestion to the powers that be is simply: regulate this body with full powers. This may inevitably lead to the amendment of the Employment Equity Act, which is justifiable in this case. That is what COPE means when it says: “let us review some of these policies.” A review does not mean a total disregard and scrapping of the policy.
What of our young, white counterparts? Again, if we are serious about protecting our gains and positively redressing the imbalances of the past, our young, white colleagues should create true transformational consortiums with fellow black people to ensure that these enterprises are truly reflective of the demographics of our country without reservations. Furthermore, such enterprises should adhere unequivocally to the 7 key elements of BBBEE.
In this manner, the question of broad based would be addressed, whilst, our young, white counterparts would have been accommodated in such dealings to also contribute to the national fiscus.
If we are serious about taking our country forward, it is our responsibility as young people of our land to ensure that enterprise development remains and must be a priority. The National Youth Development Agency is one such platform, if utilized correctly. It could elevate the role and plight of young people in alleviating poverty, creating opportunities and assisting in the reversal of the current account deficit through feasible and viable economic activities with a clear agenda that aims to make a significant contribution to our country’s problems.
One of COPE’s positions is that, funding should not only be the only solution, but enterprises who receive a capital injection or funding, should be monitored, audited on an ad-hoc basis, coached and mentored until such time that they are fit to run their own fiscal affairs.
Young people in rural areas need to be a top priority as well. It is true to say that whilst they must inevitably receive our attention, large corporate are not present in these areas, but COPE has a plan to revive the industrial sectors that were prevalent during the apartheid in places like Dimbaza in the Eastern Cape etc.., and improve labour conditions.
We also believe that a major financial injection is needed to resuscitate ailing agricultural schools to empower our young, rural colleagues with knowledge and skills to enable them to manage farms effectively when they ultimately take over to avoid the modis operandi of Zimbabwe. This would inevitably ensure that such farms continue to be productive as our people would be adequately equipped to manage our agriculture successfully. Factories and mostly textile industries in these areas would need to be resuscitated to create more employment opportunities.
It is concerning that COSATU has up to now, failed to address this matter. We do hope though, that Ebrahim Patel (Minister of Economic Affairs) and former General Secretary of the Southern African Clothing and Textile Workers Union (SACTWU), together with Rob Davis (Minister of Trade & Industry) and SACP Central Committee member, will provide the impetus and be the catalyst of our ailing industrial system.
Also, one of COPE’s agenda is to lead the way in the discussion that would introduce of technical schools at high school level. Artisans, engineers and technically qualified candidates are needed to revive our falling infrastructure, and by introducing these schools at a young age, it allows young people to begin to think technically without being stereotyped into entering some of the saturated professions, although these professions still remain important to the bigger national picture.
Statistics South Africa, from the research, “The Youth Of South Africa” where people aged between 15 and 65 were interviewed. The research paints a worrying picture regarding the state of the youth in our country. It stands as follows:
• Of just more than 15,9 million economically active citizens, 4,8 million (almost 1/3) were unemployed
• 3,4 million (70.8%) of the 4,8 million people who were unemployed were youth (between the ages of 15 and 35).
• Almost a third (29,2%: 1,5 million) of unemployed youth in South Africa fall into the internationally defined category of youth – persons between the ages of 15 and 24
• If race is taken into consideration, the majority of the unemployed youth (89,7%: 4,9 million out of 5,5 million) are young Africans. They face unemployment rates nearly nine times as high as their Colored, Indian/Asian and White counterparts
• African unemployment is consistently higher than unemployment for the other groups across the different age groups The most vulnerable group seems to be Africans between the ages of 25 and 34
• Nearly two thirds (65,5%: 3,6 million) of the unemployed youth do not hold a Grade 12 certificate
• The majority (90%: 3,2 million) of this group is African. It is clear that lack of education greatly affects employability
• Nearly a fifth (15,9%) of the employed youth hold a certificate, diploma or degree compared to only 4,6% of the unemployed, and qualifications are spread across certain fields of study [It should be noted however, that the unemployed do not hold the right kind of qualifications]
• 97% of the economically active white youth who hold qualifications in the business, commerce and management fields are employed, while only 53,3% of African youths with qualifications in the same field were successful to find employment
These are some of grave issues that as a youth movement, COPE must tackle and lead the pack in discussions and deliberations. We acknowledge that, we may need to partner with various youth formations, be it business, NGO’s etc…, but the reality is, the time is now for us to start to deal with tangible matters; bread and butter issue that affect the lives of ordinary young South Africans.
The youth of 1976 left an amazing legacy, and the question yet to be answered is what legacy are we, as the youth of 2009 going to leave behind? Our country is in dire need for young people to take us forward. The time is now, let us all pull forward, TOGETHER, to make South Africa the place it deserves to be.
Sipho Nghona is one of the National Spokespersons for COPE Youth Movement, serves on the Youth’s National Steering Committee. He is a founder member and inaugural Deputy Chairperson of the BMF Young Professionals, served in the Gauteng Youth Legislature between 2007 and 2008, and served in the ANCYL led youth team (including all youth formations) against xenophobia.